differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

Prokaryotes are uni-cellular, meaning they a made of just one cell. Eukaryotes can be either unicellular or multicellular. Eukaryotes have a nucleus which contains the genetic material (DNA). Prokaryotes do not have a nucleus, instead their genetic material (DNA) is found in the cytoplasm. Eukaryotes have membrane bound organelles where as the organelles in prokaryotes are not membrane bound. Eukaryotes are also much bigger than prokaryotes. Furthermore, Eukaryotes contain mitochondria which perform respiration, whereas, prokaryotes do not have mitochondria and respiration takes place in the cytoplasm.

Prokaryotes: smaller, circular DNA, no nucleus, 70 S ribosome

Eukaryotes: larger, linear DNA, has nucleus, 80 S ribosome

Eukaryotic Cells have a ‘true’ nucleus whereas Prokaryotic cells have a circular loop of DNA floating in the cytoplasm.

Eukaryotic Cells only have a cell membrane whereas Prokaryotic Cells also have a cell wall.

Prokaryotic Cells do not have any membrane bound organelles like mitochondria

Prokaryotic Cells can have a flagellum or mucus capsule

Prokaryotic cells have their genetic material (DNA) not enclosed within a nucleus, for example a bacteria has its DNA in plasmids (circular loop of DNA) and strands. Prokaryotic cells also do not have membrane bound organelles (structures within a cell that do not contain a membrane). Prokaryotic cells are much smaller than eukaryotic cells.

Eukaryotic cells have membrane bound organelles and their DNA is enclosed within a Nucleus. Examples of eukaryotic cells are plant cells and animal cells .

1 Prokaryotic cell has no mitochondria

Whereas eukaryotic cell has mitochondria

2.In prokaryotic cells ribosomes are smaller whereas eukaryotic cells consist larger ribosomes.

3.Prokaryotes lack a nucleus whereas nucleus is present in eukaryotes.

The major difference is the Prokaryotes does not have a defined Nucleus, they lack nuclear membrane, therefore their genetic material lies in cytoplasm generally prokaryotes are primitive organisms. Where as Eukaryotes have a well defined Nucleus with the Nuclear Membrane. The term "Eu" stands for "true" and "Karyote" means nucleus, there by Eukaryotes are organisms with True Nucleus whereas Prokaryotes are not.

Eukaryotic cells are way bigger, complex cells found in multicellular organisms. The genetic material in eukaryotic cells is stored in the Nucleus in contrast to prokaryotic stored in the cytoplasm

Eukaryotic cells are the usual plant and animal cells that we think of. So animal cells - DNA in a nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria and ribosomes. Plant cells- Rigid cell wall, permanent vacoule, chloroplasts along with Nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria and ribosomes.

Then prokaryotic cells are single celled organisms such as bacteria. These are arranged slightly differently in the fact that they do not have a nucleus, instead the DNA is in freely moving strands or plasmids in the cytoplasm. They also do not have mitochondria or chloroplasts, but they do have a cytoplasm, cell membrane and cell wall.

prokaryotes:

Always unicellular

smaller than eukaryotes

no membrane bound organelles

Dna in their cytoplasm

divide by binary fission

Eukaryotes:

divide by mitosis

usually multicellular

larger than prokaryotes (100x)

have membrane bound organelles like mitochondria

dna in nucleus

Hi elizabeth, so The main differenec between the two is that our PROkaryotic cells contain no nucleus(we can remember that as the rhyme PRO-NO), and our EUkaryotic cells do contain a nucleus so EU-DO rhyme. Our Eukaryotic cells are the cells that us and plants have in our bodies whereas the prokaryotic cells are more like the cells in bacteria. I hope that helps

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• Prokaryotes are unicellular, eukaryotes are often multi-cellular.
• Eukaryotic cells are more than 100 to 10,000 times larger than prokaryotic cells and are much more complex.
• The DNA in eukaryotes is stored within the nucleus, while DNA is stored in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes.
• Prokaryotes have no mitochondria or endoplasmic reticulum.
• Prokaryotes have smaller ribosomes.

eukaryotic cells have a defined membrane bound nucleus, prokaryotic cells do not have a defined / membrane bound nucleus

The primary difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is that a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles are only present in eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells make up prokaryotes and eukaryotes, respectively. Prokaryotes are always unicellular, while eukaryotes are often multi-celled organisms. Additionally, eukaryotic cells are more than 100 to 10,000 times larger than prokaryotic cells and are much more complex.

The DNA in eukaryotes is stored within the nucleus, while DNA is stored in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes. Additionally, DNA in eukaryotic cells is stored in double-stranded chromosomes that are condensed by histones. In contrast, prokaryotic cells have one primary circular chromosome and various plasmids, which are small rings of DNA. The DNA of eukaryotic cells has proportionally less coding DNA and high amount of non-coding DNA compared to prokaryotic cells. The ribosomes in eukaryotic cells are 80S, with 40S and 60S subunits, and in prokaryotic cells: 70S with 30 and 50S subunits. 

The makeup of the locomotive structures (i.e., flagellum) also varies between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. In eukaryotic cells, flagella are microtubule bundles composed of dynein and a plasma membrane that is powered by ATP to make a blending motion. Prokaryotic locomotive structures are instead composed of repeated flagellin, a hook, and a motor complex attached to the cellular membrane that is powered by protons to make a rotator motion.

The cell types also vary in their mechanisms of cell division. Prokaryotes can undergo binary fission where one cell multiplies its contents, the cytoplasmic membrane elongates in cytokinesis separating the DNA molecules, and two identical cells emerge. All eukaryotes undergo a similar but more complicated process called mitosis. In both binary fission and mitosis, the parent cells have the exact same number of chromosomes as their daughter cells. However, in sexually reproducing eukaryotic organisms, they can also undergo meiosis during which re-assortment creates genetically unique reproductive cells called gametes or sex cells, which have half the number of chromosomes as the parent cells, so they are known as haploids.

Prokaryotes are always unicellular, and have a much simpler structure. Eukaryotes evolved (over around 1.5 billion years) from prokaryotes and are often multi-celled organisms. A eukaryotic cell is more than 100-10000 times larger than a prokaryotic cell. The most significant structural difference is that the DNA of prokaryotes is found loose (unbound by a nucleus) in the cytoplasm, whereas in eukaryotic cells it is found in the nucleus. There are other specific differences between their organelles (the structures of a cell).

There are many differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, for example prokaryotic cells are always unicellular, however Eukaryotic cells can be both multicellular and unicellular, an example of a prokaryotic cell is E.Coli and an example of a Eukaryotic cell is a root hair cell. Prokaryotes have no true Nucleus however, Eukaryotes do have a true nucleus (excluding red blood cells). Prokaryotes are also often smaller than Eukaryotes. there are more differences, however, I have yet to see more than a 4 marker on the differences of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells alone.